HLA-C

major histocompatibility complex, class I, C

Summary

HLA-C belongs to the HLA class I heavy chain paralogues. This class I molecule is a heterodimer consisting of a heavy chain and a light chain (beta-2 microglobulin). The heavy chain is anchored in the membrane. Class I molecules play a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from endoplasmic reticulum lumen. They are expressed in nearly all cells. The heavy chain is approximately 45 kDa and its gene contains 8 exons. Exon one encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the alpha1 and alpha2 domain, which both bind the peptide, exon 4 encodes the alpha3 domain, exon 5 encodes the transmembrane region, and exons 6 and 7 encode the cytoplasmic tail. Polymorphisms within exon 2 and exon 3 are responsible for the peptide binding specificity of each class one molecule. Typing for these polymorphisms is routinely done for bone marrow and kidney transplantation. About 6000 HLA-C alleles have been described. The HLA system plays an important role in the occurrence and outcome of infectious diseases, including those caused by the malaria parasite, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). The structural spike and the nucleocapsid proteins of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), are reported to contain multiple Class I epitopes with predicted HLA restrictions. Individual HLA genetic variation may help explain different immune responses to a virus across a population.[provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020]

Known Variants546 total

rsidPosition (GRCh37)AllelesClassClinVar
rs1150428896:31,236,035G/Adownstream gene variant
rs28539516:31,236,115C/Tdownstream gene variant
rs25240976:31,236,339T/G
rs342478216:31,236,341C/G
rs25240966:31,236,467G/C
rs10492816:31,236,567T/C
rs10716436:31,236,639G/A3 prime UTR variant
rs11305526:31,236,643T/G
rs11305596:31,236,652T/G3 prime UTR variant
rs32075616:31,236,685A/G
rs32075556:31,236,687G/A
rs1162291446:31,236,800G/A3 prime UTR variant
rs10496506:31,236,808C/G3 prime UTR variant
rs10496636:31,236,813C/T3 prime UTR variant
rs10496686:31,236,821C/T3 prime UTR variant
rs412890696:31,236,836A/G3 prime UTR variant
rs31760076:31,236,845A/G3 prime UTR variant
rs10657116:31,236,853G/C
rs10497096:31,236,854T/C3 prime UTR variant
rs10497246:31,236,862C/T3 prime UTR variant
rs10498536:31,236,900G/A3 prime UTR variant
rs20011816:31,236,998C/Tintron variant
rs178854366:31,237,002G/Cintron variant
rs415438136:31,237,006C/T
rs39983816:31,237,014G/C
rs415443146:31,237,016C/A
rs23949606:31,237,017C/G
rs23949616:31,237,027C/Tintron variant
rs415554146:31,237,040A/Tintron variant
rs92645946:31,237,048A/C
rs28942046:31,237,061C/A
rs178855576:31,237,087C/Tintron variant
rs11308386:31,237,124T/Amissense variant
rs617599466:31,237,159C/Gmissense variant
rs357085116:31,237,162C/Gmissense variant
rs2818605906:31,237,184G/T
rs2818605896:31,237,200G/Aintron variant
rs92645966:31,237,230A/T
rs767986706:31,237,232T/C
rs92645976:31,237,233A/Gintron variant
rs178814586:31,237,237G/Aintron variant
rs415629216:31,237,254C/Tintron variant
rs25236096:31,237,255G/T
rs178791626:31,237,257C/Tintron variant
rs415527186:31,237,259C/G
rs415503156:31,237,264A/Gsplice region variant
rs2818605886:31,237,271C/Tsplice region variant
rs415599156:31,237,275G/Amissense variant
rs762945456:31,237,284C/Tmissense variant
rs680944716:31,237,323A/T
rs667720016:31,237,333T/Aintron variant
rs725581636:31,237,342G/Tintron variant
rs678275556:31,237,353T/Aintron variant
rs92646016:31,237,354G/C
rs725581626:31,237,357C/Tintron variant
rs560104306:31,237,405C/Tintron variant
rs664597046:31,237,437T/A
rs92646036:31,237,438G/Aintron variant
rs680372216:31,237,449T/G
rs725581616:31,237,457T/Cintron variant
rs725025566:31,237,461G/Aintron variant
rs666205466:31,237,463C/A
rs725581596:31,237,513T/Cintron variant
rs38192876:31,237,563C/Tintron variant
rs725581576:31,237,571A/G
rs2818605876:31,237,576
rs2818605866:31,237,584
rs92646066:31,237,592A/G
rs92646076:31,237,605G/Aintron variant
rs415413186:31,237,636T/Cintron variant
rs92646086:31,237,660A/T
rs92646096:31,237,664C/G
rs178868806:31,237,703G/Aintron variant
rs92646106:31,237,723G/C
rs20744976:31,237,727T/Cintron variant
rs764869216:31,237,728T/C
rs11435516:31,237,760C/Tmissense variant
rs415606176:31,237,761A/Gmissense variant
rs415404166:31,237,762C/Tmissense variant
rs2818605846:31,237,763
rs23086506:31,237,765C/Amissense variant
rs415424146:31,237,766A/Tmissense variant
rs11309356:31,237,767T/Gmissense variant
rs10501056:31,237,769G/Cmissense variant
rs10501066:31,237,771G/Asynonymous variant
rs11309476:31,237,773T/Amissense variant
rs415405126:31,237,774G/Csynonymous variant
rs10501186:31,237,776C/Tmissense variant
rs1469113426:31,237,779C/Tmissense variant
rs415566176:31,237,786A/Tsynonymous variant
rs10501476:31,237,802A/Gmissense variant
rs415457126:31,237,821C/Amissense variant
rs10501806:31,237,833T/Amissense variant
rs10656006:31,237,835A/Tmissense variant
rs117579196:31,237,846G/Asynonymous variant
rs2818605826:31,237,857A/Cmissense variant
rs347949066:31,237,858T/Csynonymous variant
rs2818605816:31,237,859G/Amissense variant
rs2818605806:31,237,860G/Tmissense variant
rs2818605796:31,237,861C/Amissense variant

Showing 100 of 546 variants. Use the SNP search for the full list.

Gene information from NCBI Gene. Variant classifications from ClinVar.