rs1076560

A longitudinal prospective study of 338 young adult offspring from families at high and low risk for alcohol dependence examined predictors of cannabis use patterns and cannabis abuse/dependence from ages 8-30. A low P300 amplitude trajectory in childhood predicted cannabis abuse/dependence in males (P=0.01). A four-SNP ANKK1-DRD2 haplotype (rs4938012-rs4938015-rs1800497-rs6277, G-G-G-C) was significantly associated with cannabis use frequency patterns (P=0.0008). Among individuals with cannabis abuse/dependence, the CNR1 rs806368 A>G minor allele conferred a 5.4-fold increase in likelihood of frequent persistent use versus declining use (P=0.003, OR=5.4).

This review examines neurogenetic and neuropharmacological correlates of opioid use disorder (OUD) with emphasis on ancestry-specific genetic risk profiles. The paper identifies multiple genes involved in the reward pathway (DRD2, DRD3, DRD4, OPRM1, OPRK1, OPRD1, BDNF, NRXN3, COMT, SLC6A4, KCNC1, KCNG2) and their variants associated with OUD susceptibility and treatment response across different ethnic populations, highlighting critical research disparities where African Americans and Hispanics have been underrepresented in genetic association studies.

Meta-analysis of 53 case-control studies (9,678 cases, 7,331 controls) examining ALDH2 rs671 (glu504lys) association with alcohol dependence and alcohol-induced diseases in predominantly East Asian populations. The protective 504lys allele showed strong protective effect with P = 3×10^-56 and OR = 0.23 (95% CI 0.2-0.28) for alcohol abuse/dependence, and P = 2×10^-28, OR = 0.23 (95% CI 0.18-0.3) for alcoholic liver disease, cirrhosis, or pancreatitis.

This comprehensive review examines the genomics of schizophrenia and pharmacogenomics of antipsychotic drugs, synthesizing evidence on over 200 genes associated with psychotic disorders. The authors discuss five categories of genes relevant to antipsychotic response: disease-associated genes, mechanism-of-action genes, drug metabolism genes (particularly CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP3A4), drug transporter genes, and pleiotropic genes. The review details pharmacogenomic profiles of 20+ antipsychotic drugs and demonstrates significant ethnic and interindividual variation in drug metabolism phenotypes, with examples including CYP2D6 extensive metabolizers (55.71% of population), intermediate metabolizers (34.7%), poor metabolizers (2.28%), and ultra-rapid metabolizers (7.31%).

A pharmacogenetic study of 446 schizophrenic patients (221 males, 225 females) from West Siberia investigating associations between 41 SNPs in dopaminergic genes and antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia. The study found rs1799836 in MAOB gene associated with hyperprolactinemia in males (OR=0.748, p=0.048), and rs40184 and rs3863145 in SLC6A3 gene associated with hyperprolactinemia in the risperidone/paliperidone subgroup (OR=0.341, p=0.021 and OR=0.362, p=0.043, respectively), indicating protective effects.

This systematic review of 98 studies examined biological predictors of clozapine response in treatment-resistant schizophrenia patients. Of 379 different gene variants investigated across 70 genetic studies, only three variants (DRD3 Ser9Gly rs6280, HTR2A His452Tyr, and GNB3 C825T) achieved independent replication. Non-genetic predictors included higher prefrontal cortical volumes and lower HVA:5-HIAA ratio in cerebrospinal fluid.

This study examined 55 polymorphisms in five calcineurin genes (PPP3CA, PPP3CB, PPP3CC, PPP3R1, PPP3R2) in 102 young Chinese men for associations with cardiac phenotypes at baseline and training responsiveness after 18 weeks of endurance training. Key findings: rs3763679 in PPP3CB was significantly associated with resting heart rate at baseline; rs1879793, rs1075534, rs7430, rs2461483, and rs10108011 in PPP3CC were associated with cardiac output/stroke volume response to exercise; rs1407877 in PPP3R2 was associated with ejection fraction response at 50W.

This is a comprehensive literature review of candidate genes and their single nucleotide variants associated with antipsychotic-induced tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia patients. The review examined genes involved in dopamine system (DRD1, DRD2, DRD3), catecholamine metabolism (COMT), serotonin system (HTR2A, HTR2C), and other pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic pathways. Timely identification of genetic variants in these genes could contribute to developing diagnostic tests and selecting safer antipsychotic therapy.

This comprehensive review synthesizes genomic and pharmacogenomic research in schizophrenia, discussing over 200 candidate genes associated with psychotic disorders, genetic mechanisms including copy number variants and microRNA alterations, and pharmacogenomic factors affecting antipsychotic efficacy and safety. Key genes covered include dopamine receptors (DRD1-5), dysbindin (DTNBP1), DISC1, neurotrophic factors, and metabolic enzymes such as CYP2D6, CYP3A4, and COMT, with emphasis on genotype-phenotype correlations in antipsychotic response and side effects.

A systematic review of 98 studies investigating biological predictors of clozapine response in treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Of 70 genetic studies examining 379 variants, only three genetic variants have independently replicated findings: DRD3 Ser9Gly (rs6280), HTR2A His452Tyr, and GNB3 C825T (rs5442/rs5443). Non-genetic predictors include higher prefrontal cortical structural integrity and activity, and lower HVA:5-HIAA ratio in cerebrospinal fluid.

A pharmacogenetic association study of 446 schizophrenia patients from West Siberia examined 41 SNPs in dopamine pathway genes (DRD1, DRD2, DRD3, DRD4, SLC6A3, MAOA, MAOB) for association with antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia (HPRL). rs1799836 in MAOB showed significant protective association with HPRL in men (OR=0.748, p=0.048), while rs40184 (OR=0.341, p=0.021) and rs3863145 (OR=0.362, p=0.043) in SLC6A3 showed protective effects specifically in risperidone/paliperidone-treated patients.