rs2070971

This variant is located in the GCK gene.

▶

GWAS Catalog Trait Associations (19)

Genome-wide significant associations (p < 5×10⁻⁸) from the NHGRI-EBI GWAS Catalog.

triglyceride measurement

Jee YH et al. “Genome-wide association studies in a large Korean cohort identify quantitative trait loci for 36 traits and illuminate their genetic architectures.” Nature Communications 16(1):4935 (2025)
Allele T
OR 0.02
p 2.0e-32
N 928,679
Large GWAS
multi-ancestry
Graham SE et al. “The power of genetic diversity in genome-wide association studies of lipids.” Nature 600(7890):675-679 (2021)
Allele T
OR 0.03
p 3.0e-32
N 1,320,016
Large GWAS
European
Sakaue S et al. “A cross-population atlas of genetic associations for 220 human phenotypes.” Nature Genetics 53(10):1415-1424 (2021)
Allele T
OR 0.02
p 3.0e-13
N 455,659
Large GWAS
multi-ancestry
Loya H et al. “A scalable variational inference approach for increased mixed-model association power.” Nature Genetics 57(2):461-468 (2025)
Allele T
OR 0.02
p 7.0e-19
N 394,642
Large GWAS
European
Koskeridis F et al. “Pleiotropic genetic architecture and novel loci for C-reactive protein levels.” Nature Communications 13(1):6939 (2022)
Allele T
OR 0.02
p 7.0e-11
N 361,194
Large GWAS
European
Richardson TG et al. “Characterising metabolomic signatures of lipid-modifying therapies through drug target mendelian randomisation.” Plos Biology 20(2):e3001547 (2022)
Allele T
OR 0.03
p 4.0e-8
N 115,082
Large GWAS
European

triglycerides in small HDL measurement

Zoodsma M et al. “A genetic map of human metabolism across the allele frequency spectrum.” Nature Genetics 57(10):2445-2455 (2025)
Allele T
OR 0.03
p 2.0e-24
N 450,015
Large GWAS
multi-ancestry

triglycerides to total lipids in very large HDL percentage

Zoodsma M et al. “A genetic map of human metabolism across the allele frequency spectrum.” Nature Genetics 57(10):2445-2455 (2025)
Allele T
OR 0.03
p 4.0e-22
N 450,015
Large GWAS
multi-ancestry

triglycerides in HDL measurement

Zoodsma M et al. “A genetic map of human metabolism across the allele frequency spectrum.” Nature Genetics 57(10):2445-2455 (2025)
Allele T
OR 0.02
p 9.0e-19
N 450,015
Large GWAS
multi-ancestry

triglycerides to total lipids in small HDL percentage

Zoodsma M et al. “A genetic map of human metabolism across the allele frequency spectrum.” Nature Genetics 57(10):2445-2455 (2025)
Allele T
OR 0.02
p 7.0e-17
N 450,015
Large GWAS
multi-ancestry

fatty acid amount

Sun Y et al. “GWAS and multi-omics integrative analysis reveal novel loci and their molecular mechanisms for circulating fatty acids.” Hgg Advances 6(4):100470 (2025)
Allele T
OR —
p 2.0e-13
N 239,268
Large GWAS
European
Richardson TG et al. “Characterising metabolomic signatures of lipid-modifying therapies through drug target mendelian randomisation.” Plos Biology 20(2):e3001547 (2022)
Allele T
OR 0.03
p 5.0e-8
N 115,006
Large GWAS
European

free cholesterol measurement, blood VLDL cholesterol amount, chylomicron amount

Karjalainen MK et al. “Genome-wide characterization of circulating metabolic biomarkers.” Nature 628(8006):130-138 (2024)
Allele T
OR 0.03
p 8.0e-10
N 136,016
Large GWAS
multi-ancestry

phospholipid level, blood VLDL cholesterol amount, chylomicron amount

Karjalainen MK et al. “Genome-wide characterization of circulating metabolic biomarkers.” Nature 628(8006):130-138 (2024)
Allele T
OR 0.03
p 2.0e-9
N 136,016
Large GWAS
multi-ancestry
▶

ClinVar annotation

Benign★★★☆
2 submitters6 publications

not provided; Maturity-onset diabetes of the young

View on ClinVar →

About GCK

This gene encodes a member of the hexokinase family of proteins. Hexokinases phosphorylate glucose to produce glucose-6-phosphate, the first step in most glucose metabolism pathways. In contrast to other forms of hexokinase, this enzyme is not inhibited by its product glucose-6-phosphate but remains active while glucose is abundant. The use of multiple promoters and alternative splicing of this gene result in distinct protein isoforms that exhibit tissue-specific expression in the pancreas and liver. In the pancreas, this enzyme plays a role in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, while in the liver, this enzyme is important in glucose uptake and conversion to glycogen. Mutations in this gene that alter enzyme activity have been associated with multiple types of diabetes and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

View all GCK variants →

Gene information from NCBI Gene. Variant classifications from ClinVar.

Community Wiki

No community notes yet for this variant. Sign in to start one.

Comments

Sign in to join the discussion.

Loading comments…