rs2149356
This is a upstream gene variant variant in the TLR4 gene.
▶Research that mentions this SNP (4)
▶Correlation between TLR2,TLR3,TLR4, and TLR9 polymorphisms and susceptibility to and prognosis of severe hepatitis among the newbornsAssociationN=275Xiao Qiu et al.(2018)· Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis
This case-control study investigated the association between TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, and TLR9 polymorphisms and susceptibility to and prognosis of severe hepatitis among 135 newborn cases and 140 healthy controls of Chinese Han ethnicity. Certain SNPs were associated with disease risk and prognosis, including rs1898830 (TLR2; OR=0.38 for favorable prognosis in AG carriers), rs1879026 (TLR3; OR=0.29 for GT carriers), and rs187084 and rs352139 (TLR9). The haplotype A-C-G-G-C-A-T showed increased susceptibility (OR=4.11), while this haplotype was associated with favorable prognosis when present.
▶The toll‐like receptor 2 (TLR2) ‐196 to ‐174 del/ins polymorphism affects viral loads and susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis CReviewHans‐Dieter Nischalke et al.(2012)· International Journal of Cancer
A systematic literature review examining the association between toll-like receptor (TLR) single nucleotide polymorphisms and susceptibility to hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, including disease progression to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The review identifies polymorphisms in TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR5, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9 genes that affect viral susceptibility and disease outcomes, with mechanisms involving altered gene expression and immune signaling.
▶Sequence variants of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and the risk of prostate cancer in Korean menAssociationN=463Hae Jong Kim et al.(2012)· World Journal of Urology
A case-control study of 463 Korean men (240 prostate cancer patients, 223 controls) examined 11 TLR4 gene polymorphisms for association with prostate cancer risk. The study found rs11536889 (a 3' UTR variant) was significantly associated with increased prostate cancer risk (OR=1.81, P=0.005), and the haplotype ht2 also showed significant association (OR=1.77, P=0.009). These findings suggest TLR4 polymorphisms may alter susceptibility to prostate cancer.
▶Association of IL10 and Other immune response‐ and obesity‐related genes with prostate cancer in CLUE IIAssociationN=516Ming‐Hsi Wang et al.(2009)· The Prostate
Nested case-control study of 258 prostate cancer cases and 258 matched controls in the CLUE II prospective cohort examining genetic variants in inflammation and obesity-related genes. The IL10 -1082G>A variant (rs1800896, A allele) was positively associated with prostate cancer risk (AG vs GG: OR=1.69, 95% CI 1.10-2.60; AA vs GG: OR=1.81, 95% CI 1.11-2.96), while a TLR4 variant (rs4986790) showed inverse association, and no consistent associations were found for obesity-related gene variants.
About TLR4
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. In silico studies have found a particularly strong binding of surface TLR4 with the spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). This receptor has also been implicated in signal transduction events induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) found in most gram-negative bacteria. Mutations in this gene have been associated with differences in LPS responsiveness, and with susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020]
View all TLR4 variants →Gene information from NCBI Gene. Variant classifications from ClinVar.
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