rs2270641

This paper presents CalPen, a web-based tool for calculating penetrance (disease likelihood given a mutation) in complex genetic disorders. The authors validated CalPen against published penetrance calculations for schizophrenia-associated copy number variants (CNVs) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). They analyzed 15 CNVs in 39,059 schizophrenia patients and 55,084 controls (average penetrance 7%, ranging from ~1.4% for 15q11.2 deletions to ~20% for 22q11.21 CNVs) and 145 SNPs in 45,405 patients and 122,761 controls (average penetrance 0.7%, with rs1801028 showing the highest at 1.6%).

This comprehensive review examines the genomics of schizophrenia and pharmacogenomics of antipsychotic drugs, synthesizing evidence on over 200 genes associated with psychotic disorders. The authors discuss five categories of genes relevant to antipsychotic response: disease-associated genes, mechanism-of-action genes, drug metabolism genes (particularly CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP3A4), drug transporter genes, and pleiotropic genes. The review details pharmacogenomic profiles of 20+ antipsychotic drugs and demonstrates significant ethnic and interindividual variation in drug metabolism phenotypes, with examples including CYP2D6 extensive metabolizers (55.71% of population), intermediate metabolizers (34.7%), poor metabolizers (2.28%), and ultra-rapid metabolizers (7.31%).