rs231777

This comprehensive review examines the genomics of schizophrenia and pharmacogenomics of antipsychotic drugs, synthesizing evidence on over 200 genes associated with psychotic disorders. The authors discuss five categories of genes relevant to antipsychotic response: disease-associated genes, mechanism-of-action genes, drug metabolism genes (particularly CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP3A4), drug transporter genes, and pleiotropic genes. The review details pharmacogenomic profiles of 20+ antipsychotic drugs and demonstrates significant ethnic and interindividual variation in drug metabolism phenotypes, with examples including CYP2D6 extensive metabolizers (55.71% of population), intermediate metabolizers (34.7%), poor metabolizers (2.28%), and ultra-rapid metabolizers (7.31%).

This case-control study examined 28 SNPs across CD28, CTLA4, and ICOS genes in 763 German melanoma patients and 734 controls to assess association with melanoma susceptibility and prognosis. While two CD28 polymorphisms (rs3181098 and rs3181100) showed differential allele distribution (OR 1.18, P=0.05 and OR 0.83, P=0.02 respectively), after multiple testing correction no convincing associations with melanoma risk or disease prognosis were detected.