rs17388568

This systematic literature review examines interleukin and interleukin receptor gene polymorphisms associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis, diagnostics, and treatment. The paper summarizes polymorphisms in multiple IL genes (IL-1B rs16944, rs1143634; IL-6 rs1800795, rs1800796; IL-10 rs1800896; IL-23R rs11209026; IL-17A rs2275913 and others) across diverse populations, their associations with RA susceptibility and disease severity, and discusses current and future immunologic therapeutic targets including TNF inhibitors and IL-6 receptor antagonists.

This study fine-maps the IL2/IL21 genetic association with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in two large independent sample sets: European-derived (4,248 lupus patients, 3,818 controls) and African-American (1,569 patients, 1,893 controls). Using conditional analysis and trans-ethnic mapping, the researchers localized the primary genetic effect to two SNPs in high linkage disequilibrium: rs907715 within IL21 (OR=1.16, 95% CI 1.10-1.22, P=2.17×10⁻⁸) and rs6835457 in the 3'-UTR flanking region of IL21 (OR=1.11, 95% CI 1.05-1.17, P=9.35×10⁻⁵). The findings establish genome-wide significance for the IL2/IL21 locus in lupus genetic susceptibility.

This case-control association study of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in 809 JIA cases and 3,521 controls identified susceptibility loci shared with other autoimmune diseases. Three novel loci were identified: PTPN2 (strongest signals rs7234029, p=7.19×10⁻¹¹, OR=1.59; rs1893217, p=3.48×10⁻⁸, OR=1.52; rs2542151, p=3.05×10⁻⁷, OR=1.45), COG6 (rs7993214, p=3.98×10⁻³, OR=0.79), and ANGPT1 (rs1010824, p=4.93×10⁻³, OR=0.77). Four previously reported JIA loci were confirmed: PTPN22, STAT4, C12orf30, and IL2-IL21. Odds ratios ranged from 1.20 to 1.65 in meta-analysis of initial and independent replication cohorts (n=1,015 cases and 1,568 controls).

This paper applies a bias correction method for odds ratio estimates from GWAS discovery data, demonstrating that the 'winner's curse' affects initial effect size estimates. The authors applied conditional maximum likelihood estimation to correct bias in GWAS findings from multiple complex diseases (breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, type I and II diabetes) and show that bias-adjusted odds ratios are substantially more consistent with subsequent replication studies, with selection-adjusted confidence intervals providing better uncertainty quantification than uncorrected estimates.

This systematic literature review examines interleukin (IL) and interleukin receptor gene polymorphisms associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), covering studies from the past 10 years. The review discusses the pathogenesis of RA as a multifactorial autoimmune disease where genetic factors account for approximately 60% of disease risk. Multiple polymorphisms across IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-15, IL-17, IL-18, and IL-23R genes have been investigated in various populations, with inconsistent results across populations. The paper also reviews current and future therapeutic targets including anti-TNF, anti-IL-1, anti-IL-6, and anti-IL-17 treatments.

This paper presents a statistical method for unbiased estimation of odds ratios from genome-wide association scans combined with replication studies. The authors develop a Uniformly Minimum Variance Conditionally Unbiased Estimator (UMVCUE) that corrects for selection bias arising from both rank ordering and significance thresholding in initial scans. Applied to type 1 diabetes and Crohn's disease data from the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium, the method shows improved efficiency over replication-only estimates, particularly when replication sample sizes are smaller.