ACHE

acetylcholinesterase (Yt blood group)

Summary

Acetylcholinesterase hydrolyzes the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine at neuromuscular junctions and brain cholinergic synapses, and thus terminates signal transmission. It is also found on the red blood cell membranes, where it constitutes the Yt blood group antigen. Acetylcholinesterase exists in multiple molecular forms which possess similar catalytic properties, but differ in their oligomeric assembly and mode of cell attachment to the cell surface. It is encoded by the single ACHE gene, and the structural diversity in the gene products arises from alternative mRNA splicing, and post-translational associations of catalytic and structural subunits. The major form of acetylcholinesterase found in brain, muscle and other tissues is the hydrophilic species, which forms disulfide-linked oligomers with collagenous, or lipid-containing structural subunits. The other, alternatively spliced form, expressed primarily in the erythroid tissues, differs at the C-terminal end, and contains a cleavable hydrophobic peptide with a GPI-anchor site. It associates with the membranes through the phosphoinositide (PI) moieties added post-translationally. AChE activity may constitute a sensitive biomarker of RBC ageing in vivo, and thus, may be of aid in understanding the effects of transfusion[provided by RefSeq, Sep 2019]

Known Variants39 total

rsidPosition (GRCh37)AllelesClassClinVar
rs172286167:100,487,721G/Tregulatory region variant
rs178867287:100,488,638G/Tlikely benign
rs25715987:100,489,639C/Tdownstream gene variant
rs7602392217:100,490,017C/Tlikely benign
rs15847732097:100,490,058A/Guncertain significance
rs1511077847:100,490,074G/Alikely benign
rs76367:100,490,077G/Asynonymous variant
rs1458119927:100,490,093A/Guncertain significance
rs5469074797:100,490,130C/Tlikely benign
rs1489917137:100,490,136C/Tuncertain significance
rs5504367947:100,490,185G/Alikely benign
rs13759899257:100,490,250C/Tuncertain significance
rs3707420867:100,490,273T/Cuncertain significance
rs24855063347:100,490,283C/Guncertain significance
rs7722979407:100,490,348C/Guncertain significance
rs17998057:100,490,797G/Tmissense variantbenign
rs1449958737:100,490,810G/Alikely benign
rs21160002137:100,490,821C/Tuncertain significance
rs178801197:100,490,822C/Tbenign
rs3751577297:100,490,940C/Tuncertain significance
rs15847749267:100,491,008C/Glikely benign
rs172285817:100,491,047C/Tbenign
rs7644127237:100,491,063T/Cuncertain significance
rs13208337867:100,491,128C/Tuncertain significance
rs24855146707:100,491,324A/Guncertain significance
rs1444263987:100,491,361C/Tuncertain significance
rs1465648687:100,491,415C/Tuncertain significance
rs13592408647:100,491,450G/Cuncertain significance
rs178857787:100,491,451G/Clikely benign
rs1143674227:100,491,588C/Tbenign
rs3750171237:100,491,700G/Tuncertain significance
rs178815537:100,491,753C/Tbenign
rs24855193937:100,491,772C/Tuncertain significance
rs3699503527:100,491,814C/Tuncertain significance
rs1457980437:100,491,904G/Aupstream gene variant
rs38083567:100,492,322C/Tregulatory region variant
rs178816967:100,493,359G/Aregulatory region variant
rs178835577:100,494,949G/Tregulatory region variant
rs761814187:100,494,960G/Tregulatory region variant

Gene information from NCBI Gene. Variant classifications from ClinVar.