rs3775291

Two-stage GWAS of 10,140 lung cancer cases and 11,012 controls in inflammation pathways using hierarchical modeling identified one novel locus at rs2741354 in EPHX2 (p=7.4×10⁻⁶), and confirmed associations with TERT (rs2736100) and HLA region variants. Hierarchical modeling incorporating prior biological knowledge identified 32 replicated variants not captured by conventional maximum likelihood analysis.

Case-control study of 292 Colombian subjects (191 dengue cases, 101 controls) evaluating associations between dengue susceptibility and polymorphisms in IL6R (rs8192284), TLR3 (rs3775290), and DC-SIGN (rs7248637). In Afro-Colombians, the C allele of rs8192284 was protective (OR=0.425, p=0.020), while the A alleles of rs7248637 and rs3775290 increased risk (OR=2.389, p=0.015 and OR=2.329, p=0.005 in Mestizos). The CAG allelic combination remained significantly associated with dengue after Amerindian ancestry adjustment (OR=2.16, p=0.028).

A systematic literature review examining the association between toll-like receptor (TLR) single nucleotide polymorphisms and susceptibility to hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, including disease progression to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The review identifies polymorphisms in TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR5, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9 genes that affect viral susceptibility and disease outcomes, with mechanisms involving altered gene expression and immune signaling.

This case-control study evaluated 1,429 SNPs in innate immunity and inflammation genes in 378 lung cancer cases and 450 controls from the PLCO Cancer Screening Trial. The main finding was a significant association between rs4648127 (NFKB1) and reduced lung cancer risk (OR=0.56, 95% CI 0.37-0.86 in PLCO; OR=0.79, 95% CI 0.69-0.90 in replication GWAS), implicating inflammation in lung cancer etiology.

Population-based case-control study examining genetic variation in toll-like receptor genes (TLR2, TLR3, TLR4) and colon/rectal cancer risk and survival. TLR3 rs11721827 was associated with rectal cancer (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.02-1.58), while TLR3 rs3775292 and TLR4 rs11536898 were associated with colon cancer (OR 0.68 and 0.50, respectively). Significant interactions were observed with NSAID use, smoking, and dietary factors. TLR2 rs5743704 and rs5743708 were associated with worse colon cancer survival (HRR 1.89 and 1.74, respectively).

A prospective study of 568 Chinese non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients found that four immune gene polymorphisms were independently associated with survival: IL-5R rs11713419 (5'-UTR, P=0.001), IL23R rs6682925 (5'-FR, P=0.017), TLR1 rs5743551 (5'-FR, P=0.02), and TLR3 rs3775291 (Leu412Phe, P=0.01). Patients carrying 1 unfavorable locus had 124% increased mortality risk (HR=2.24, 95% CI: 1.33-3.75), and those with 2-4 unfavorable loci had 175% increased risk (HR=2.75, 95% CI: 1.67-4.51). Combined SNP and clinical risk score model achieved 5-year AUC of 0.831 versus 0.484 for clinical factors alone.

This comprehensive review examines genetic polymorphisms in innate immune response genes that influence susceptibility to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection and disease severity in children. The paper discusses key genes including TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, RIG-I, IL-8, RANTES/CCL5, NF-κB, AP-1, and vitamin D receptor (VDR), highlighting how SNPs such as TLR4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile, RANTES -28C/G, IL-8 -251T, and VDR FokI polymorphisms are associated with increased RSV susceptibility or protection in pediatric populations.

This is a special issue of the Italian medical journal BeAdfiles (September 2012) dedicated to genetic conditioning in HIV and hepatitis virus infections. It reviews the major genetic polymorphisms that influence disease progression, treatment response, and drug toxicity in HIV and chronic hepatitis B and C infections, with particular emphasis on IL28B polymorphisms (rs809917 and others) predicting HCV treatment response to interferon-alpha and ribavirin therapy, and ITPA gene variants protecting against ribavirin-induced anemia. The issue also covers pharmacogenetic markers (CYP2B6, ABCB1, HLA-B*5701) and their clinical applications in antiretroviral therapy.

This study analyzed two TLR3 gene polymorphisms (rs5743305 T/A and rs3775291 C/T, the latter causing L412F amino acid change) in 137 chronic hepatitis C patients. The variants were not associated with TLR3 gene expression levels or clinical disease severity parameters including fibrosis and steatosis. However, the TLR3 exon 4 TT genotype was absent in HCV subtype 1a infected individuals, suggesting functional relevance in determining HCV subtype susceptibility.